A Comparative Study on Cultural Children's of Young Environment among Large and Small Cities and Rural Areas
Kyoung Hee Lee
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the different environment among the young children of large and small cities and rural areas in Korea, in order to know how these different environment have an effect on the children`s intellectual and emotional development. For this subjects, 2,700 questionares with 51 items were distributed to the infants` mothers in each area to interview and answer. About 1,800 questionaires were gathered from 3 metropolitan, 6 cities and 6 rural areas in (each 2 farming, fishing and mining villages) The results of analyzing these questionaires were like following; 1. The average number of children of each family was 2.5 in large cities, 3.0 in small cities and 3.6 in the rural areas. 2. White about 75％ of infants` parents of large cities graduated college education, only 6％ of the rural parents did it. Most infants` parents of the rural areas have only graduated the elementary school. 3. About 90％ of the rural, small and large cities family have had radios and T.V sets, and 90％ of infants watched T.V program for 2 hours a day in average. 4. While about 50％ of large cities` young children were not reared by their mother`s milk but by milk and other foods, about 95% of rural infants by breasting mills. 5. Young children of large cities were wearing about 5 months earlier than those of the rural. 6. While 20％ children of cities were taught in the kindergarten, most children of the rural areas could not be taught in the kindergarten. 7. About 45％ young children of the rural areas and cities were understood and taught reading, writing letters and numbers by their parents, brothers and sisters before entering primary school. 8. While 50％ young children of large cities have had pianos and were taught music in kindergarten or piano tutor`s, most of the rural areas have not had pianos and could not be taught music. 9. Most children`s favorite music songs were T.V signals or C.M songs in both the rural and cities. 10. While most children of cities have had lots of children`s pictures or fairy tale books. most infants of the rural areas have had nothing or a few. 11. As lots of infants could not find their pleasure resorts of sport tools outside, they used to play in side streets or publicroads with their friends. 12. While most infant`s parents in cities wanted to make their infants lawyer or medicine doctor, most parents in rural areas wanted to make their children teacher or technician. 13. About a half of Korean infants have had their own rooms or have lived in it together with their brother or sister. In conclusion, as children of large cities have had more various kinds of cultural circumstances than the rural areas in aspects of cultural institutions` tools and environment of their parents` education, books, toys, pleasure resorts and their own rooms, the intellectual development of the former could be considered to surpass those of the latter. In other words, the average IQ points of urban`s young children are 10 point higher than those of the rural areas, which means the better circumstance would affect the infant`s intellectual development. Therefore, the government must support to make good circumstances of the children in the rural areas.
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