The KJCS adheres to the ethical guidelines for research and publication described in the KACS Guidelines on Publication Ethics (http://www.childkorea.or.kr), the Guidelines for Research Ethics of the Ministry of Education, and the Guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE; http://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines).

Authorship and Author’s Responsibility
• Authorship credit should be based on 1) substantial contributions to conception and design, acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data; 2) drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content; 3) final approval of the version to be published; and 4) agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved
• KJCS does not allow multiple corresponding authors for one article. Only one author should correspond with the editorial office and readers. KJCS does accept notice of equal contribution for the first author when the study was clearly performed by co-first authors. Authorship may be changed before publication when an authorship correction is requested by all of the authors involved with the manuscript.

Originality and Duplicate Publication
• Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously, that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, including electronically, without the written consent of the copyright-holder.
• If duplicate publication related to the papers of this journal is detected, the relevant manuscript will be rejected, the authors will be announced in the journal, and their institutions will be informed. There will also be penalties for the authors.
• A letter of permission is required for any and all material that has been published previously. It is the responsibility of the author to request permission from the publisher for any material that is being reproduced. This requirement applies to text, figures, and tables published by any of the authors themselves or used from another source, unless it is in the public domain.

Statement of Human Rights and Informed Con¬sent
The manuscripts related to the human subjects or samples drawn from humans should receive the informed consent according to the rule of Institutional Review Board (IRB) of author’s institute. Copies of written informed consent documents should be kept for studies on human subjects. For clinical studies of human subjects, a certificate, agreement, or approval by the IRB is required. If necessary, the editor or reviewers may request copies of these documents to resolve questions about IRB approval and study conduct.

Conflict of Interest Statement
The corresponding author must inform the editor of any potential conflicts of interest that could influence the authors’ interpretation of the data. Examples of potential conflicts of interest are financial support from or connections to companies, political pressure from interest groups, and academically related issues. In particular, all sources of funding applicable to the study should be explicitly stated.

Process for Managing Research and Publication Misconduct
• For received submissions, similarity and plagiarism screening is performed using ‘KCI similarity check’ and ‘CrossCheck.’ High scores in the CrossCheck report would be considered an index for plagiarism.
• When the journal faces suspected cases of research and publication misconduct such as redundant (duplicate) publication, plagiarism, fraudulent or fabricated data, changes in authorship, an undisclosed conflict of interest, ethical problems with a submitted manuscript, a reviewer who has appropriated an author’s idea or data, complaints against editors, and so on, the resolution process will follow the Guideline of KACS, and the flowchart provided by the COPE (http://publicationethics.org/resources/flowcharts).
• The discussion and decision on the suspected cases are carried out by the Editorial Board and the Special Committee. If there is suspicion that research has not taken place within an appropriate ethical framework, the Editor may reject a manuscript and may inform third parties such as author(s)’ institution(s). In cases of proven research misconduct involving published articles, or where the academic integrity of the article is significantly undermined, articles would be retracted.

Editorial Responsibilities
The Editorial Board will continuously work to monitor and safeguard publication ethics: guidelines for retracting articles; maintenance of the integrity of the academic record; preclusion of business needs from compromising intellectual and ethical standards; publishing corrections, clarifications, retractions, and apologies when needed; and excluding plagiarism and fraudulent data. The editors maintain the following responsibilities: responsibility and authority to reject and accept articles; avoiding any conflict of interest with respect to articles they reject or accept; promoting publication of corrections or retractions when errors are found; and preservation of the anonymity of reviewers.